全网都在吉卜力化！《甄嬛传》成“新番”？

摘要：OpenAI日前在GPT‑4o中推出能够精确、逼真输出的图像生成器。有网友发现，AI能将网络热图或个人照片转换成宫崎骏标志性的动画风格，相关图片在X、Instagram等社交媒体平台上爆火！

什么？吉卜力工作室制作了《武林外传》《星际穿越》......甚至还有《甄嬛传》？

OpenAI日前在GPT‑4o中推出能够精确、逼真输出的图像生成器。有网友发现，AI能将网络热图或个人照片转换成宫崎骏标志性的动画风格，相关图片在X、Instagram等社交媒体平台上爆火！

Fans of Studio Ghibli, the famed Japanese animation studio behind "Spirited Away" and other beloved movies, were delighted this week when a new version of ChatGPT let them transform popular internet memes or personal photos into the distinct style of Ghibli founder Hayao Miyazaki.

网友纷纷放出了吉卜力版本的自己。

Open AI的CEO山姆·奥特曼也加入了这场“病毒式”传播——他将自己的社交账号头像改为吉卜力风格肖像。

ChatGPT maker OpenAI has largely encouraged the "Ghiblification" experiments and its CEO Sam Altman changed his profile on social media platform X into a Ghibli-style portrait.

从土耳其射击选手优素福·迪凯奇夺得奥运银牌的潇洒姿态，到经典“灾难女孩”表情包，诸多标志性图像都被赋予了吉卜力风格。

Similar results gave the Ghibli style to iconic images, such as the casual look of Turkish pistol shooter Yusuf Dikec in a T-shirt and one hand in his pocket on his way to winning a silver medal at the 2024 Olympics. Or the famed "Disaster Girl" meme of a 4-year-old turning to the camera with a slight smile as a house fire rages in the background.

但据美国广播公司ABC News报道，2016年宫崎骏评价AI动画的言论曾引发关注。

2016年，日本电视台曾邀请著名动画导演宫崎骏，观看一部由本地科技企业家旗下科技公司开发的AI“创作”的动画。

在日本NHK电视台播出的纪录片《宫崎骏-永不停歇的人》中，有一位名叫Nobuo Kawakami的动画制作人、同时也是Dwango人工智能实验室的研究人员向宫崎骏展示了他们用AI制作出的动画怪兽。

该动画短片描绘了一系列类似丧尸的动作。短片中的“丧尸”以头顶地，身体扭曲蠕动，“仿佛对任何痛苦都无知无觉”。还有一个场景，“丧尸”下肢完全扭曲，仅靠身体和手臂在地上挣扎前行。

宫崎骏忍不住在看视频的时候打断说：“我曾经有一段时间，每天都会见到身体有障碍的朋友，他连举手做一个击掌打招呼的动作都困难，他的肌肉僵硬扭曲。想起他，我就看不下去。我完全不认为这个短片有趣。设计出这种东西的程序绝对不知道什么是痛苦。我觉得恶心。如果你真的想创造出令人毛骨悚然的东西，那是你的自由，但请不要把这种技术带入我的创作。我深感这是对生命的侮辱。”

As users posted their Ghibli-style images on social media, Miyazaki's previous comments on AI animation also began to resurface. When Miyazaki was shown an AI demo in 2016, he said he was "utterly disgusted" by the display, according to documentary footage of the interaction. Miyazaki said he would "never wish to incorporate this technology into my work at all.""I strongly feel that this is an insult to life itself," he added.

图源：YouTube视频截图

此外，AI生成图片的版权问题，也被艺术家们关注。

从小看宫崎骏电影长大的艺术家卡尔拉·奥尔蒂兹正在起诉其他AI图像生成器侵犯版权。针对OpenAI一事，她表示，这是OpenAI等公司不关心艺术家作品和生计的又一个明显例子。“这分明是利用吉卜力的品牌、作品、声誉来推广OpenAI产品，是对艺术家的侵犯与剥削。”

宫崎骏收官之作《你想活出怎样的人生》动画电影剧照图源：视觉中国

Artist Karla Ortiz, who grew up watching Miyazaki's movies and is suing other AI image generators for copyright infringement in a case that's still pending, called it "another clear example of how companies like OpenAI just do not care about the work of artists and the livelihoods of artists." "That's using Ghibli's branding, their name, their work, their reputation, to promote (OpenAI) products," Ortiz said. "It's an insult. It's exploitation."

有网友也持相似观点：这么做，难道不算侵权吗？

那些小偷并不关心艺术品。这就是问题所在。

你花费了制作精品的热情、时间和精力，却只是用机器再现一些毫无灵魂的东西——都不过是窃取数百万其他人的作品罢了。

从种种原因来看，这种情况令人恐惧。

福建格一律师事务所合伙人律师曾明泉认为，在未经《甄嬛传》等原作品权利人的许可情况下进行制作、发表，存在侵权风险。“暂且不论是否侵害吉卜力风格，但是侵害《甄嬛传》视听作品及原著的风险是很大的。”

美国普赖尔·卡什曼律师事务所的合伙人乔希·魏根斯伯格表示，人工智能模型是否是基于宫崎骏或吉卜力工作室的作品进行训练的？而他们是否有执照或许可来这么做呢？

Josh Weigensberg, a partner at the law firm Pryor Cashman, said that one question the Ghibli-style AI art raises is whether the AI model was trained on Miyazaki or Studio Ghibli's work. That in turn "raises the question of, 'Well, do they have a license or permission to do that training or not?'" he said.

他说，如果这种类型的使用是在未经同意的情况下发生的，那可能就是“有问题的”。

Weigensberg said that if this type of use is happening without consent, he said, it could be "problematic".